Hurricane Development in Florida

Hurricane development in Florida is a common concern during the Atlantic hurricane season, which runs from June 1 to November 30, peaking in August and September. Florida is particularly vulnerable due to its long coastline, warm ocean waters, and flat terrain.

How Hurricanes Develop:

1. Warm Ocean Water: Hurricanes form over warm waters (at least 80°F / 27°C), which are abundant around Florida, especially in the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic.

2. Low Wind Shear: Low vertical wind shear allows storms to organize and intensify.

3. Moist Atmosphere: A humid environment helps sustain thunderstorms within the storm system.

4. Disturbance or Trigger: Tropical waves from Africa, stalled frontal boundaries, or remnants of other systems can kick-start development.

Common Patterns Affecting Florida:

• Cape Verde Storms: Start near Africa and may strengthen into major hurricanes as they cross the Atlantic.

• Gulf-Origin Storms: Can form quickly and intensify rapidly before hitting the Gulf Coast, including Florida.

• East Coast Storms: May brush or directly strike Florida from the Atlantic side.

• Caribbean Systems: Often move northward into Florida, especially later in the season.

Recent Trends (as of 2024):

• Increased frequency of rapid intensification, making preparation harder.

• Warmer sea surface temperatures are fueling stronger storms.

• Florida has seen multiple landfalls in recent years, including Hurricane Ian (2022) and Hurricane Idalia (2023).

When Should You Prepare to Evacuate

You should start preparing to evacuate when:

• A Tropical Storm or Hurricane Watch is issued (possible impacts within 48 hours).

• You live in:

  • A storm surge evacuation zone.

  • A mobile or manufactured home.

  • A flood-prone or low-lying area.

• You or someone in your household has special medical needs.

• Your county emergency management recommends early preparation.

This means:

• Check evacuation routes.

• Gather important documents, medications, food, and water.

• Fuel your vehicle.

• Know where you’re going (shelter, hotel, friends/family outside the zone).

When Should You Evacuate?

You should evacuate immediately when:

• A mandatory evacuation order is issued for your zone or area.

• Your home is unsafe to withstand a hurricane (e.g., near the coast, weak structure).

• There’s a Category 3 or higher hurricane expected to make landfall nearby and you’re in a vulnerable zone.

Do not wait until the last minute, as roads will clog, and fuel and supplies may run out.